Local’s perception and coping strategies to flood risks in the coastal zone of the Accra Metropolitan Area, Ghana

The paper assessed flood risk profiles and coping strategies based on local people's perceptions and experiences in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area, a historically known area for its perennial flooding. The study surveyed 300 households across eight communities using questionnaires. We performed a descriptive analysis of residents' past experiences, causes, effects, destruction from floods and coping mechanisms. The results show that flooding in the study area is perennial, primarily attributed to low elevation, torrential rainfall and the absence or clogging of drainage systems. Local coping strategies identified include digging trenches around houses before and during floods, constructing temporary barriers, and using rocks, sandbags and concrete to divert floodwaters away from homes. Some move to parts of their dwelling with higher elevation, while others temporarily live with family and friends. We recommend proactive and local-based emergency response and education systems to reduce flood impact and promote sustainable adaptation.