Psychological distress and coping styles among carers of children with special needs in Xianning, China

Mr. Ndoye, Joshua-Luther Ndoye
Lecturer
  +233244974097
  jlnupoalkpajor@uew.edu.gh
Profile
Publications

Authors
JOSHUA-LUTHER NDOYE UPOALKPAJOR
Publication Year
2026
Article Title
Psychological distress and coping styles among carers of children with special needs in Xianning, China
Journal
Psychreg
Volume
2
Issue Number
1
Page Numbers
71-82
ISSN
2978-0306
Abstract

This study examined the extent of psychological distress and its relationship with coping styles among family members acting as primary carers for children with special needs in Xianning, China. Using an action research design, data were collected from 37 participants comprising mothers, fathers, and grandparents through semi structured interviews and standardised questionnaires. Quantitative analyses assessed levels of psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and coping styles, while qualitative content analysis explored lived experiences and caregiving challenges. The findings indicated a high prevalence of psychological distress, with female carers reporting significantly greater distress and depressive symptoms than male carers. Carers aged 50 years and older demonstrated greater use of positive coping styles compared with those aged 31–39. Overall, positive coping strategies were more frequently adopted than negative ones and were significantly negatively correlated with psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. Qualitative findings highlighted substantial personal sacrifices, including withdrawal from employment, social activities, and self-care, driven by a strong focus on children’s recovery. Based on the integrated findings, a structured counselling intervention programme was developed to support carers’ psychological well- being and promote adaptive coping. The study highlights the need for targeted psychological support for families of children with special needs, particularly mothers, within rehabilitation settings.

Policy Contributions

The findings suggest that caring for children with special needs is not solely a family responsibility but also a public health and social welfare concern. Policies should therefore move beyond child-focused rehabilitation to embrace a holistic, family-centred approach that protects the mental health of carers through integrated counselling services, financial support, community engagement, and stigma reduction initiatives. Such policies are likely to improve both caregiver well-being and the long-term developmental outcomes of children with special needs.

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