CRITICAL REVIEW OF STACK ENSEMBLE CLASSIFIER FOR THE PREDICTION OF YOUNG ADULTS'VOTING PATTERNS BASED ON PARENTS'POLITICAL AFFILIATIONS.

This review paper aims to unveil some underlying machine-learning classification algorithms used for political election predictions and how stack ensembles have been explored. Additionally, it examines the types of datasets available to researchers and presents the results they have achieved. Predicting the outcomes of presidential elections has always been a significant aspect of political systems in numerous countries. Analysts and researchers examining political elections rely on existing datasets from various sources, including tweets, Facebook posts, and so forth, to forecast future elections. However, these data sources often struggle to establish a direct correlation between voters and their voting patterns, primarily due to the manual nature of the voting process. Numerous factors influence election outcomes, including ethnicity, voter incentives, and campaign messages. The voting patterns of successors in various countries remain uncertain, and the reasons behind such patterns remain ambiguous. The study examined a collection of articles obtained from Google Scholar through search, focusing on the use of ensemble classifiers and machine learning classifiers and their application in predicting political elections through machine learning algorithms. Some specific keywords for the search include “ensemble classifier,” “political election prediction,” and “machine learning”, and “stack ensemble”.  The study provides a broad and deep review of political election predictions through the use of machine learning algorithms. It summarises the major source of the dataset in the said analysis. Single classifiers have featured greatly in political election predictions, though ensemble classifiers have been used and have proven to be potent in the said field is rather low. The efficacy of stack classification algorithms can play a significant role in machine learning classification when modelled tactfully and is efficient in handling labelled datasets. however, runtime becomes a hindrance when the dataset grows larger with the increased number of base classifiers forming the stack. Impact on Society The implications of the study on society at large are that they need not downplay the impact of young adults’ political contribution as a culmination of the experiences they have had with immediate political parents before voting age and their early political party preferences.  There is a need to ensure a more comprehensive analysis, alternative data sources rather than depending largely on tweets, and to explore ensemble machine learning classifiers in predicting political elections. Also, ensemble classification algorithms have indeed demonstrated superior performance when carefully chosen and combined.